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  2. Literary and colloquial readings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_and_colloquial...

    Also, neologisms usually use the pronunciation of prestigious varieties. [6] Colloquial readings are usually used in informal settings because their usage in formal settings has been supplanted by the readings of the prestige varieties. [6] Because of this, the frequency of literary readings in a Chinese variety reflects its history and status.

  3. File:Chinese (Mandarin).pdf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_(Mandarin).pdf

    English: This is a PDF file of the Mandarin Chinese Wikibook, edited to include only the Introduction, Pronunciation and complete or somewhat complete lessons (Lessons 1-6). Does not include the Appendices, Stroke Order pages, or the Traditional character pages.

  4. Putonghua Proficiency Test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putonghua_Proficiency_Test

    Reading 100 monosyllabic words to test pronunciation. (10%) Reading 100 polysyllabic words to test pronunciation. (20%) Reading out the correct form from several choices, to test vocabulary and syntax. (10%) Reading a 400-character passage to test fluency. (30%) Speaking for three minutes on a topic chosen from two supplied by the examiners. (30%)

  5. Fanqie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanqie

    The first entry in the Qieyun, with added highlighting of the fanqie formula. In the fanqie method, a character's pronunciation is represented by two other characters. The onset (initial consonant) is represented by that of the first of the two characters (上字 "upper word", as Chinese was written vertically); the final (including the medial glide, the nuclear vowel and the coda) and the ...

  6. Help:IPA/Wu Chinese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Wu_Chinese

    This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Wu Chinese on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Wu Chinese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.

  7. Non-Sinoxenic pronunciations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Sinoxenic_pronunciations

    The word "radish" in Chinese (simplified Chinese: 萝卜; traditional Chinese: 蘿蔔; pinyin: luóbo) was attested in various forms since early Old Chinese. This is the source of the terms for "radish" and "turnip" in Sinoxenic languages like Korean (나복, nabok; or 라복, rabok) and it has also been adopted in a non-Sinoxenic way by many ...

  8. Help:IPA/Jin Chinese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Jin_Chinese

    It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Jin Chinese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

  9. Erhua - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erhua

    Erhua (simplified Chinese: 儿化; traditional Chinese: 兒化; pinyin: érhuà), also called "erization" or "rhotacization of syllable finals", [1] is a phonological process that adds r-coloring or the er (儿; 兒) sound to syllables in spoken Mandarin Chinese.