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It was named due to abundant melanin production and accumulation in the cell walls, which leads to dark green, brown or black appearance of the cells and colonies [2] The species was established when the genomes of the four former varieties of Aureobasidium pullulans were sequenced and the large differences between them were discovered. [1]
The exact biochemical processes in the suggested melanin-based synthesis of organic compounds or other metabolites for fungal growth, including the chemical intermediates (such as native electron donor and acceptor molecules) in the fungal cell and the location and chemical products of this process, are unknown.
Melanin (/ ˈ m ɛ l ə n ɪ n / ⓘ; from Ancient Greek μέλας (mélas) 'black, dark') is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other functions provide the pigments of many organisms. [1] Melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.
The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
Cladophialophora bantiana (C. bantiana) is a melanin producing mold known to cause brain abscesses in humans. [1] It is one of the most common causes of systemic phaeohyphomycosis in mammals. [ 2 ] Cladophialophora bantiana is a member of the ascomycota and has been isolated from soil samples from around the world.
Melanin in rhizomorphs are known for the absorption of metal ions from the soil and can be found in different structures such as spores and cell walls of fungi among others. Functions of melanin also include protecting against UV radiation and moisture stress. [14] Thus melanin production aids in longevity and survival of rhizomorphs in the ...
It is a pivotal intermediate in the biosynthesis of melanin in fungi, the pigment responsible for fungal coloration. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Melanin production in fungi is crucial for several biological processes like protection against UV radiation , defense against pathogens , regulation of cell wall integrity and protection against other ...
Presence of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene melanin in the cell wall [9] confers to the microfungi their characteristic olivaceous to dark brown/black colour. The consortium comprises two phylogenetically very different fungal groups. [10] [11] Many are found in the orders Capnodiales, Dothideales, and Pleosporales (class Dothideomycetes). These black ...