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Ibu is literally translated as "mother". It is used as "madam" or "Ms." would be in English. If addressing a man whose name is unknown, one uses Bapak and if addressing a woman whose name is unknown, one uses Ibu. A very formal way to address an older person or a person of higher status is Tuan or Nyonya, which mean "mister" or "madam".
Raden Ayu Siti Hartinah (23 August 1923 – 28 April 1996), also known as Siti Hartinah Soeharto or Tien Soeharto, [a] was the first lady of Indonesia from 1967 until 1996. She was the wife of Indonesian president, Suharto. She is popularly known as Ibu Tien in Indonesia.
Indonesia is the common and official name to refer to the Republic of Indonesia or Indonesian archipelago; however, other names, such as Nusantara and East Indies are also known. Some names are considered obsolete and confined to certain periods of history, while some might be more geographically specific or general.
Throughout Indonesian history, the title of First Lady (Indonesian: Ibu Negara, lit. ' Mother of the State ') or, in an instance, First Gentleman (Indonesian: Bapak Negara, lit. ' Father of the State ') has been used to refer to the wife or husband of the president of Indonesia.
Mohammad Hatta, 1st Vice-President of Indonesia (1945-1956) Hamzah Haz, 9th Vice-President of Indonesia (2001-2004) Jusuf Kalla, 10th and 12th Vice-President of Indonesia (2004-2009 & 2014-2019) Adam Malik, 3rd Vice-President of Indonesia (1978-1983) Sudharmono, 5th Vice-President of Indonesia (1988-1993)
There are more than 600 ethnic groups [1] in the multicultural Indonesian archipelago, making it one of the most diverse countries in the world. The vast majority of these belong to the Austronesian peoples, concentrated in western and central Indonesia (), with a sizable minority are Melanesian peoples concentrated in eastern Indonesia ().
Max Timisela; Anas Wiradikarta; Kwee Kiat Sek; Aang Witarsa; Sunar; Jahja; Aten; Sunarnoyo; Emen Suwarman; Sharunah; Willy Ang Ching Siang; Hafid Sijaya Hasan; Sunarto
The Indonesian government later began changing Indonesian spelling to harmonize it with the spelling used for Malay in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei, [3] first under the Ejaan Suwandi introduced in 1947, and again under Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan (lit. ' perfected spelling ') adopted in 1972. Modifications were identified in this updated ...