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Neonatal isoerythrolysis (NI), also known as hemolytic icterus or hemolytic anemia, [1] is a disease most commonly seen in kittens and foals, but has also been reported in puppies. It occurs when the mother has antibodies against the blood type of the newborn. A 7 day old foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder which occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst , leading to an insufficient number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells in circulation . The lifetime of the RBCs is reduced from the normal 100–120 days to just a few days in ...
Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia [2] Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria [2] Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia [2] Alloimmune hemolytic anemia [1] Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) [1] Rh disease (Rh D) [1] ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn [1] Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn [1] Rhesus c hemolytic disease of the ...
Acquired hemolytic anemia is also encountered in burns and as a result of certain infections (e.g. malaria). [ 15 ] [ 18 ] Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), sometimes referred to as Marchiafava-Micheli syndrome, is a rare, acquired, potentially life-threatening disease of the blood characterized by complement-induced intravascular ...
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: D59.0-D59.1: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a type of hemolytic anemia where the body's immune system attacks its own red blood cells (RBCs), leading to their destruction . [28] [29] Types of AIHA include warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, cold agglutinin disease, and paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria.
Initial symptoms of drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia are typically vague and reflect mild, moderate, or severe anemia. Symptoms of DIIHA can manifest within hours to months of the initial drug exposure. [1] DIIHA ranges in severity from severe intravascular hemolysis to milder presentations of extravascular hemolysis. [7]
The most common antibody isotype involved in warm antibody AIHA is IgG, though sometimes IgA is found. The IgG antibodies attach to a red blood cell, leaving their F C portion exposed with maximal reactivity at 37 °C (versus cold antibody induced hemolytic anemia whose antibodies only bind red blood cells at low body temperatures, typically 28–31 °C).
Pyruvate kinase deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder of the enzyme pyruvate kinase which affects the survival of red blood cells. [4] [5] Both autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance have been observed with the disorder; classically, and more commonly, the inheritance is autosomal recessive.