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The Nile was much longer at that time, with its furthest headwaters in northern Zambia. The currently existing Nile first flowed during the former parts of the Würm glaciation period. [7] Affad 23 is an archaeological site located in alluvial deposits formed by an ancient channel of the Nile in the Affad region of southern Dongola Reach, Sudan ...
Ancient branches of the Nile, showing Wadi Tumilat, and the lakes east of the Delta. People have lived in the Nile Delta region for thousands of years, and it has been intensively farmed for at least the last five thousand years. The delta was a major constituent of Lower Egypt, and there are many archaeological sites in and around the delta. [6]
The Eastern Desert (known archaically as Arabia or the Arabian Desert [1] [2]) is the part of the Sahara Desert that is located east of the Nile River.It spans 223,000 square kilometres (86,000 sq mi) of northeastern Africa and is bordered by the Gulf of Suez and the Red Sea to the east, and the Nile River to the west.
The basin rises in the highlands and flows in extremely arid regions, in particular the Sahara Desert. [3] Its main navigable course is through the Nile River, being the mouth section in the Mediterranean Sea (more precisely after the Nile Delta) until it surrounds the city of Aswan, in southern Egypt.
The population of Sinai has largely consisted of desert-dwelling Bedouins with their colourful traditional costumes and significant culture. [31] Large numbers of Egyptians from the Nile Valley and Delta moved to the area to work in tourism, but development adversely affected the native Bedouin population.
The topographic features of the desert region east of the Nile differ from those to the west of the Nile. The Eastern Desert is relatively mountainous. The elevation rises abruptly from the Nile, and a downward-sloping plateau of sand gives way within 100 km to arid, defoliated, rocky hills running north and south between the Sudan border and ...
Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and the dead were buried facing due west. [84] Several scholars have argued that the African origins of the Egyptian civilisation derived from pastoral communities which emerged in both the Egyptian and Sudanese regions of the Nile Valley in the fifth millennium BCE. [85]
Map of Nile tributaries in modern Sudan. Wadi Howar is the remnant of the ancient Yellow Nile, a tributary of the Nile during the African humid period from about 9500 to 4500 years ago. At that time, savanna fauna and cattle herders occupied this region and the southern edge of the Sahara was some 500 kilometres (310 mi) further north than it ...