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Oral leukoplakia is a gray patch or plaque that develops in the oral cavity and is strongly associated with smoking. [8] Leukoplakia is a firmly attached white patch on a mucous membrane which is associated with increased risk of cancer. [4] [5] The edges of the lesion are typically abrupt and the lesion changes with time.
Cases have risen dramatically over last decade, according to recent research
Dandruff is a skin condition of the scalp. [1] Symptoms include flaking and sometimes mild itchiness. [1] [2] It can result in social or self-esteem problems. [6]A more severe form of the condition, which includes inflammation of the skin, is known as seborrhoeic dermatitis.
Dr. Garshick also recommends anti-dandruff shampoos if the scabs are developing from seborrheic dermatitis, and says to look for ketoconazole or salicylic acid in the ingredients, such as Nizoral ...
Oral cancer, also known as oral cavity cancer, tongue cancer or mouth cancer, is a cancer of the lining of the lips, mouth, or upper throat. [6] In the mouth, it most commonly starts as a painless red or white patch , that thickens, gets ulcerated and continues to grow.
Mild seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp may be described in lay terms as dandruff due to the dry, flaky character of the skin. [6] However, as dandruff may refer to any dryness or scaling of the scalp, not all dandruff is seborrhoeic dermatitis. [6] Seborrhoeic dermatitis is sometimes inaccurately referred to as seborrhoea. [4]
This stage begins the acute phase of noma. The telltale sign is facial edema (swelling) of the lips, cheeks, eyes, etc. Ulceration of the gums worsens during this stage; ulceration may spread to the mucosa (soft, mucus-producing tissue) of the mouth and nose. The patient may feel pain or soreness in their mouth and cheeks.
A project in 2007 sequenced the genome of dandruff-causing Malassezia globosa and found it to have 4,285 genes. [7] [8] M. globosa uses eight different types of lipase, along with three phospholipases, to break down the oils on the scalp. Any of these 11 proteins would be a suitable target for dandruff medications.