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Bioorganic chemistry is a scientific discipline that combines organic chemistry and biochemistry. It is that branch of life science that deals with the study of biological processes using chemical methods. [1] Protein and enzyme function are examples of these processes. [2]
In biochemistry and in biological fluids, at pH = 7, it is thus important to note that the reduction potential of the protons ( H +) into hydrogen gas H 2 is no longer zero as with the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) at 1 M H + (pH = 0) in classical electrochemistry, but that E red = − 0.414 V {\displaystyle E_{\text{red}}=-0.414\mathrm {V ...
FADH 2 can also be oxidized by the loss of 1 H + and 1 e − to form FADH. The FAD form can be recreated through the further loss of 1 H + and 1 e −. FAD formation can also occur through the reduction and dehydration of flavin-N(5)-oxide. [8] Based on the oxidation state, flavins take specific colors when in aqueous solution.
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms. [1]
In organic chemistry, a rearrangement reaction is a broad class of organic reactions where the carbon skeleton of a molecule is rearranged to give a structural isomer of the original molecule. [1] Often a substituent moves from one atom to another atom in the same molecule, hence these reactions are usually intramolecular. In the example below ...
Note that if a Grignard reagent (such as RMgBr) is used, the reaction with an enone would instead proceed through a 1,2-addition. The 1,4-addition mechanism of cuprates to enones goes through the nucleophilic addition of the Cu(I) species at the beta-carbon of the alkene to form a Cu(III) intermediate, followed by reductive elimination of Cu(I ...
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) is an organic substance that is involved in photosynthesis, notably as the principal CO 2 acceptor in plants. [ 1 ] : 2 It is a colourless anion, a double phosphate ester of the ketopentose ( ketone -containing sugar with five carbon atoms) called ribulose .
Ames test – salmonella bacteria is exposed to a chemical under question (a food additive, for example), and changes in the way the bacteria grows are measured. This test is useful for screening chemicals to see if they mutate the structure of DNA and by extension identifying their potential to cause cancer in humans.