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The course line is selected by turning an "omni bearing selector" or "OBS" knob usually located in the lower left of the indicator. It then shows the number of degrees deviation between the aircraft's current position and the "radial" line emanating from the signal source at the given bearing. This can be used to find and follow the desired radial.
A missile (blue) intercepts a target (red) by maintaining constant bearing to it (green) Proportional navigation (also known as PN or Pro-Nav) is a guidance law (analogous to proportional control) used in some form or another by most homing air target missiles. [1]
A standard Brunton compass, used commonly by geologists and surveyors to obtain a bearing in the field. In navigation, bearing or azimuth is the horizontal angle between the direction of an object and north or another object. The angle value can be specified in various angular units, such as degrees, mils, or grad. More specifically:
The EKF is an extension of the Kalman filter to cope with cases where the relationship between the radar measurements and the track coordinates, or the track coordinates and the motion model, is non-linear. In this case, the relationship between the measurements and the state is of the form h = f(x) (where h is the vector of measurements, x is ...
The Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system (acronym ECEF), also known as the geocentric coordinate system, is a cartesian spatial reference system that represents locations in the vicinity of the Earth (including its surface, interior, atmosphere, and surrounding outer space) as X, Y, and Z measurements from its center of mass.
The local ENU coordinates are formed from a plane tangent to the Earth's surface fixed to a specific location and hence it is sometimes known as a "Local Tangent" or "local geodetic" plane. By convention the east axis is labeled x {\displaystyle x} , the north y {\displaystyle y} and the up z {\displaystyle z} .
Diagram of an open traverse. Open traverse: neither returns to its starting station, nor closes on any other known station. Diagram of a closed traverse; Compound traverse: it is where an open traverse is linked at its ends to an existing traverse to form a closed traverse. The closing line may be defined by coordinates at the end points which ...
An aerodrome reference point [1] (ARP), in some countries airport reference point, [2] is the designated geographical location of an aerodrome. [3] The geographic coordinates of an ARP are part of an aerodrome's entry in the AIP.