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A nanoparticle or ultrafine particle is a particle of matter 1 to 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. [1] [2] The term is sometimes used for larger particles, up to 500 nm, or fibers and tubes that are less than 100 nm in only two directions. [2]: 394 At the lowest range, metal particles smaller than 1 nm are usually called atom clusters instead.
Scattering by graphene's acoustic phonons intrinsically limits room temperature mobility in freestanding graphene to 200 000 cm 2 ⋅V −1 ⋅s −1 at a carrier density of 10 12 cm −2. [80] [81] The corresponding resistivity of graphene sheets is 10 −8 Ω⋅m, lower than the resistivity of silver, which is the lowest known at room ...
Water absorption increases significantly at 1,450 nm. The 1,530 to 1,560 nm range is the dominant spectral region for long-distance telecommunications (see transmission windows). Mid-wavelength infrared MWIR, IR-C DIN; MidIR. [22] Also called intermediate infrared (IIR) 3–8 μm 37–100 THz 155–413 meV 966–362 K (693–89 °C)
Lab-grown diamonds of various colors grown by the high-pressure-and-temperature technique. A synthetic diamond or laboratory-grown diamond (LGD), also called a lab-grown diamond, [1] laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, synthetic, or cultured diamond, is a diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process (in contrast to naturally formed diamond, which is ...