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Melatonin, an indoleamine, is a natural compound produced by various organisms, including bacteria and eukaryotes. [1] Its discovery in 1958 by Aaron B. Lerner and colleagues stemmed from the isolation of a substance from the pineal gland of cows that could induce skin lightening in common frogs.
[43] [44] Prolonged-release melatonin is safe with long-term use of up to 12 months. [11] Although not recommended for long-term use beyond this, [ 45 ] low-dose melatonin is generally safer, and a better alternative, than many prescription and over-the-counter sleep aids if a sleeping medication must be used for an extended period of time.
Consuming caffeine to stay awake at night may lead to sleeplessness, anxiety, frequent nighttime awakenings, and overall poorer sleep quality. [139] The main metabolite of melatonin (6-sulfatoxymelatonin) gets reduced with consumption of caffeine in the day, which is one of the mechanisms by which sleep is interrupted. [137]
When you work a night shift, your body suppresses production of melatonin to help you stay awake, the researchers explain. But that makes it harder for your body to repair oxidative DNA damage ...
Taking magnesium can also help boost the body’s natural levels of melatonin. ... “Neither has been shown to have any long-term side effects, and any side effects one might experience are ...
Large doses of melatonin can even be counterproductive: Lewy et al. [48] provide support to "the idea that too much melatonin may spill over onto the wrong zone of the melatonin phase-response curve." The long-term effects of melatonin administration have not been examined. In some countries, the hormone is available only by prescription or not ...
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Chronic sleep deprivation (less than 8 hours of sleep) is associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI) and obesity. In a study with 3000 patients, it was found that men and women who sleep less than 5 hours have elevated body mass index (BMI). In another study that followed about 70.000 women for 16 years, there was a significant ...