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Progression of EIN to carcinoma, effectively a conversion from a benign neoplasm to a malignant neoplasm, is accomplished through acquisition of additional mutations and accompanied by a change in behavior characterized by the ability to invade local tissues and metastasize to regional and distant sites. Table I: Precancer Characteristics of EIN
However, a benign tumor is not benign in the usual sense; the name merely specifies that it is not "malignant", i.e. cancerous. While benign tumors usually do not pose a serious health risk, they can be harmful or fatal. [2] Many types of benign tumors have the potential to become cancerous through a process known as tumor progression. For this ...
Pathologically, precancerous tissue can range from benign neoplasias, which are tumors which don't invade neighboring normal tissues or spread to distant organs, to dysplasia, [1] a collection of highly abnormal cells which, in some cases, has an increased risk of progressing to anaplasia and invasive cancer which is life-threatening.
Leiomyoma enucleated from a uterus. External surface on left; cut surface on right. Micrograph of a small, well-circumscribed colonic leiomyoma arising from the muscularis mucosae and showing fascicles of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated, cigar-shaped nuclei Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin in uterine leiomyoma, which is negative as there is only staining of cytoplasm ...
Changes in the size, shape or consistency of the uterus or its surrounding, supporting structures may exist when the disease is more advanced. [10] Cervical stenosis , the narrowing of the cervical opening, is a sign of endometrial cancer when pus or blood is found collected in the uterus (pyometra or hematometra ).
Benign tumors contain clear fluid and have a smooth lining composed of columnar epithelial cells with cilia. On gross examination, the serous tumor may present as either a cystic lesion in which the papillary epithelium is contained within a few fibrous walled cysts, or the papillary projections may be away from the surface epithelium.
The earliest microscopic change corresponding to CIN is epithelial dysplasia, or surface lining, of the cervix, which is essentially undetectable by the woman. The majority of these changes occur at the squamocolumnar junction, or transformation zone, an area of unstable cervical epithelium that is prone to abnormal changes. [2]
(a) Sometimes mucinous cells with voluminous cytoplasm can mimic goblet cells. Admixed lightly eosinophilic ciliated cells are almost always identifiable. (b) Background of prominent neutrophilic infiltration. Admixture of mucinous cells, eosinophilic cells, and some clear cells, with mild or moderate nuclear atypia and stratifications.