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The study of these phenomena is known as singular optics. The concept of "optical vortices" was first described by Coullet et al. in 1989, based on solutions of the Maxwell-Bloch equations . [ 1 ] According to one review, studies in 1989-1999 mainly focused on fundamentals; studies in 1999-2009 developed many applications; and studies in 2009 ...
In technical optics, such a phase is also known as the Pancharatnam phase, [4] and in quantum physics an equivalent phenomenon is known as the Berry phase. [ 5 ] This effect can be seen in the elongation of the Airy disk in the direction perpendicular to the crest of the roof as this is a diffraction from the discontinuity at the roof crest.
The angle of incidence, in geometric optics, is the angle between a ray incident on a surface and the line perpendicular (at 90 degree angle) to the surface at the point of incidence, called the normal. The ray can be formed by any waves, such as optical, acoustic, microwave, and X-ray. In the figure below, the line representing a ray makes an ...
A focused vortex beam exhibiting orbital angular momentum via the helical wavefronts. The orbital angular momentum of light (OAM) is the component of angular momentum of a light beam that is dependent on the field spatial distribution, and not on the polarization. OAM can be split into two types.
A real Airy disk created by passing a red laser beam through a 90-micrometre pinhole aperture with 27 orders of diffraction Airy disk captured by 2000 mm camera lens at f/25 aperture. Image size: 1×1 mm. In optics, the Airy disk (or Airy disc) and Airy pattern are descriptions of the best-focused spot of light that a perfect lens with a ...
SWAROVSKI OPTIK, headquartered in Absam, Tyrol, Austria is part of the Swarovski group of companies. Founded in 1949, the Austrian company specialises in the development and manufacturing of long-range optical instruments in the premium segment of the market, including binoculars, telescopes (spotting scopes), rifle scopes, range finders and night sight devices.
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