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Hyperkeratinization (American English or hyperkeratinisation in British) is a disorder of the cells lining the inside of a hair follicle. It is the normal function of these cells to detach or slough off from the skin lining at normal intervals. The dead cells are then forced out of the follicle (primarily by the growing hair).
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (also known as "Bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma," [7] "Bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma," [8]: 482 or "bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma of Brocq" [9]) is a rare skin disease in the ichthyosis family, affecting around 1 in 250,000 people.
The primary function of keratinocytes is the formation of a barrier against environmental damage by heat, UV radiation, dehydration, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses.
Cells of stratum corneum are sometimes without keratin and living. Examples of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium include some parts of the lining of oral cavity , pharynx , conjunctiva of eye , upper one-third esophagus , rectum , vulva , and vagina .
Microscopy of keratin filaments inside cells. Keratin (/ ˈ k ɛr ə t ɪ n / [1] [2]) is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins.It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, horns, claws, hooves, and the outer layer of skin in vertebrates.
Non-keratinized squamous epithelium, including cornea and transitional epithelium [6] Cytokeratin 7: A subgroup of glandular epithelia and their tumors [6] Transitional epithelium and transitional carcinoma [6] Cytokeratin 8: Glandular epithelia of the digestive, respiratory and urogenital tracts, both endocrine and exocrine cells, as well as ...
A study examining over 4,000 biopsied skin lesions identified clinically as seborrheic keratoses showed 3.1% were malignancies. Two-thirds of those were squamous cell carcinoma. [11] To date, the gold standard in the diagnosis of seborrheic keratosis is represented by the histolopathologic analysis of a skin biopsy. [12]
Scale forms on the skin surface in various disease settings, and is the result of abnormal desquamation. In pathologic desquamation, such as that seen in X-linked ichthyosis, the stratum corneum becomes thicker (hyperkeratosis), imparting a "dry" or scaly appearance to the skin, and instead of detaching as single cells, corneocytes are shed in clusters, which forms visible scales. [2]