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Umar ibn al-Khattab [a] (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; c. 582/583 – 644), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the second caliph, until his assassination in 644.
Despite this, I have entrusted my will, my estate, and the execution of my final wishes to Umar ibn al-Khattab. [28] Some time after Khalid's death, Hisham ibn al-Bukhtri and a group from Banu Makhzum visited Umar. Umar asked Hisham to recite a poem in Khalid’s honor, but after hearing it, he remarked that the praise was insufficient. [19]
Ibn Al-Khattab was succeeded by Emir Abu al-Walid. [41] He was falsely reported dead when Omar Mohammed Ali Al-Rammah, a Yemeni prisoner at Guantanamo Bay, faced the allegations that he witnessed Khattab being killed in an ambush in Duisi, a village in the Pankisi Gorge of Georgia on 28 April 2002. [42] [43]
In these contemporary celebrations, there is a lapse of historical consciousness, where the idea has taken root that the Umar involved was not the second caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab, but the leader of the troops who killed Ali's son Husayn ibn Ali at the Battle of Karbala in 680, Umar ibn Sa'd (died c. 686). [18]
Abd Allah ibn Umar (kunya Abu Abd al-Rahman [2]: 156 ) was born in 610 in Mecca, [3]: 207 three years after the beginning of Muhammad's message. [2]: 156 He was the son of Umar ibn al-Khattab and Zaynab bint Maz'un. [3]: 203–204 His full siblings were Hafsa and Abd al-Rahman.
Umar ibn al-Khattab was one of the earliest figures in the history of Islam. While Sunnis regard Umar ibn al-Khattab in high esteem and respect his place as one of the "Four Righteously Guided Caliphs", the Shia do not view him as a legitimate leader of the Ummah and believe that Umar and Abu Bakr conspired to usurp power from Ali.
In early April 637, Umar arrived in Palestine and went first to Jabiya, [22] where he was received by Abu Ubaidah, Khalid, and Yazid, who had travelled with an escort to receive him. Amr was left as commander of the besieging Muslim army. [23] Upon Umar's arrival in Jerusalem, a pact was composed, known as the Umar's Assurance or
Tarikh al-Tabari, by the famous Sunni historian al-Tabari, includes a similar narration about Umar threatening to set the house on fire. The remainder of the earlier account in al-Imama wa al-siyasa describes that Ali was pulled out of his house by force and brought before Abu Bakr, where he paid allegiance under duress. [81] [82] Mu'awiya (r.