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Photosynthesis (/ ˌfoʊtəˈsɪnθəsɪs / FOH-tə-SINTH-ə-sis) [ 1 ] is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism.
The photosynthetic efficiency is the fraction of light energy converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis in green plants and algae. Photosynthesis can be described by the simplified chemical reaction. 6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2. where C 6 H 12 O 6 is glucose (which is subsequently transformed into other sugars ...
In biology, phototropism is the growth of an organism in response to a light stimulus. Phototropism is most often observed in plants, but can also occur in other organisms such as fungi. The cells on the plant that are farthest from the light contain a hormone called auxin that reacts when phototropism occurs.
The Hill reaction is the light-driven transfer of electrons from water to Hill reagents (non-physiological oxidants) in a direction against the chemical potential gradient as part of photosynthesis. Robin Hill discovered the reaction in 1937. He demonstrated that the process by which plants produce oxygen is separate from the process that ...
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. [1]A germination rate experiment. Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed ...
Free-air concentration enrichment. FACE facility in the Nevada desert. Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) is a method used by ecologists and plant biologists that raises the concentration of CO 2 in a specified area and allows the response of plant growth to be measured. Experiments using FACE are required because most studies looking at ...
The book is divided into the following chapters, each of which describes types of movements based on Darwin's specific experiments and their results. Chapter 1: The Circumnutating Movements of Seedling Plants; Chapter 2: General Considerations of the Movements and Growth of Seedling Plants
Acid-growth hypothesis. The acid-growth hypothesis is a theory that explains the expansion dynamics of cells and organs in plants. It was originally proposed by Achim Hager and Robert Cleland in 1971. [ 1 ][ 2 ] They hypothesized that the naturally occurring plant hormone, auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA), induces H + proton extrusion into the ...