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Dental fluorosis is a common [2] disorder, characterized by hypomineralization of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. [3] It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel [4] causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration, and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth.
Skeletal fluorosis. Fluorosis patient in the industrial city of Raigarh, India. Specialty. Rheumatology. Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. [1] In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints.
Fluoride is sold in tablets for cavity prevention. Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries [1] and possibly osteoporosis, [2][3] due to a lack of fluoride in diet. [4][5] Common dietary sources of fluoride include tea, grape juice, wine, raisins, some seafood, coffee, and tap water that has been ...
There are claims online that fluoride is poisonous, but experts say that's a stretch. Excessive amounts of fluoride can be harmful, but it's rare and typically happens in young children. The ADA ...
Defluoridation is the downward adjustment of the level of fluoride in drinking water. Worldwide, fluoride is one of the most abundant anions present in groundwater. Fluoride is more present in groundwater than surface water mainly due to the leaching of minerals. Groundwater accounts for 98 percent of the earth's potable water. [1]
Fluoride therapy is the use of fluoride for medical purposes. [ 2] Fluoride supplements are recommended to prevent tooth decay in children older than six months in areas where the drinking water is low in fluoride. [ 3] It is typically used as a liquid, pill, or paste by mouth. [ 4]
Topical fluorides are fluoride-containing drugs indicated in prevention and treatment of dental caries, particularly in children's primary dentitions. [1] The dental-protecting property of topical fluoride can be attributed to multiple mechanisms of action, including the promotion of remineralization of decalcified enamel, the inhibition of the cariogenic microbial metabolism in dental plaque ...
Tooth whitening. Tooth whitening or tooth bleaching is the process of lightening the color of human teeth. [ 1 ] Whitening is often desirable when teeth become yellowed over time for a number of reasons, and can be achieved by changing the intrinsic or extrinsic color of the tooth enamel. [ 2 ] The chemical degradation of the chromogens within ...