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Dysthymia (/ d ɪ s ˈ θ aɪ m i ə / dihs-THIY-mee-uh), also known as persistent depressive disorder (PDD), [3] is a mental and behavioral disorder, [5] specifically a disorder primarily of mood, consisting of similar cognitive and physical problems as major depressive disorder, but with longer-lasting symptoms.
"Additionally, exercise and good sleep hygiene (e.g. improving sleep patterns) are thought to have somewhat of an additive effect on treating dysthymic symptoms and preventing them from worsening.[8]" This reference goes to a WebMD entry "Double Depression: Definition, Symptoms, Treatment, and More . Webmd.com (2012-01-07). Retrieved on 2012-07 ...
Mood disorder; Other names: mental disorder: A depressive man standing by a country pond in the pouring rain: Specialty: Psychiatry: Types: Bipolar disorder, cyclothymia, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, dysthymia, major depressive disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, seasonal affective disorder
Graphical comparison of mood swings, compared with bipolar disorder and cyclothymia. A mood swing is an extreme or sudden change of mood.Such changes can play a positive or a disruptive part in promoting problem solving and in producing flexible forward planning. [1]
Research on pharmaceutical treatment of double depression in particular is sparse. Certain medications, such as fluoxetine, were found in numerous studies to be effective at reducing symptom severity; however, these studies involved open-label trials, double-blind randomized trials that lack placebo conditions, and small sample sizes.
Depressive personality disorder occurs independently of major depressive episodes, making it a distinct diagnosis not included in the definition of either major depressive episodes or dysthymia. [3]: 732 Five or more of the following criteria must be present:
Atypical depression is defined in the DSM-IV as depression that shares many of the typical symptoms of major depressive disorder or dysthymia, but is characterized by improved mood in response to positive events.
Hyperthymic temperament, or hyperthymia, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ ("over", meaning here excessive) + θυμός ("spirited"), is a proposed personality type characterized by an exceptionally, or in some cases, abnormally positive or irritated mood and disposition.