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  2. History of general anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_general_anesthesia

    The first historical achievement in anesthesia occurred around 4000 BC in ancient Mesopotamia. [5] [10] [32] [33] [34] This was the advent of ethanol (commonly known as drinking alcohol), the first general anaesthetic agent.

  3. General anaesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anaesthesia

    The first drug used for this purpose was curare, introduced in the 1940s, which has now been superseded by drugs with fewer side effects and, generally, shorter duration of action. [42] Muscle relaxation allows surgery within major body cavities , such as the abdomen and thorax , without the need for very deep anaesthesia, and also facilitates ...

  4. Anesthetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthetic

    Etomidate is one of the most commonly used intravenous drugs employed to induce and maintain general anesthesia. [11] It can also be used for sedation during procedures or in the ICU. [11] Like the other agents mentioned above, it renders patients unconscious without producing pain relief. [11]

  5. General anaesthetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_anaesthetic

    Injectable anaesthetics are used for the induction and maintenance of a state of unconsciousness. Anaesthetists prefer to use intravenous injections, as they are faster, generally less painful and more reliable than intramuscular or subcutaneous injections. Among the most widely used drugs are: Propofol; Etomidate

  6. Anesthesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia

    The purpose of anesthesia can be distilled down to three basic goals or endpoints: [2]: 236 hypnosis (a temporary loss of consciousness and with it a loss of memory.In a pharmacological context, the word hypnosis usually has this technical meaning, in contrast to its more familiar lay or psychological meaning of an altered state of consciousness not necessarily caused by drugs—see hypnosis).

  7. List of drugs by year of discovery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_drugs_by_year_of...

    Avicenna separates Medicine and Pharmacy, in 1025 published his book The Canon of Medicine, an encyclopedia of medicine formed by five books. Drugs mentioned by Avicenna include agaric, scammony and euphorbium. [19] The latex of Euphorbia resinifera contains resiniferatoxin, an ultra potent capsaicin analog. Desensitization to resiniferatoxin ...

  8. Inhalational anesthetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalational_anesthetic

    Volatile anaesthetic agents share the property of being liquid at room temperature, but evaporating easily for administration by inhalation. The volatile anesthetics used in the developed world today include: Desflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane. Other agents widely used in the past include ether, chloroform, enflurane, halothane, methoxyflurane.

  9. Theories of general anaesthetic action - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_general...

    Structures of general anaesthetics widely used in medicine. [1] 1 - ethanol, 2 - chloroform, 3 - diethyl ether, 4 - fluroxene, 5 - halothane, 6 - methoxyflurane, 7 - enflurane, 8 - isoflurane, 9 - desflurane, 10 - sevoflurane. A general anaesthetic (or anesthetic) is a drug that brings about a reversible loss of consciousness. [2]