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  2. Byzantine Iconoclasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm

    Byzantine Iconoclasm, Chludov Psalter, 9th century. [10]Christian worship by the sixth century had developed a clear belief in the intercession of saints. This belief was also influenced by a concept of hierarchy of sanctity, with the Trinity at its pinnacle, followed by the Virgin Mary, referred to in Greek as the Theotokos ("birth-giver of God") or Meter Theou ("Mother of God"), the saints ...

  3. Byzantine illuminated manuscripts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_illuminated...

    Byzantine illuminated manuscripts were produced across the Byzantine Empire, some in monasteries but others in imperial or commercial workshops. Religious images or icons were made in Byzantine art in many different media: mosaics , paintings, small statues and illuminated manuscripts . [ 1 ]

  4. Chludov Psalter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chludov_Psalter

    It is a unique monument of Byzantine art at the time of the Iconoclasm, one of only three illuminated Byzantine Psalters to survive from the 9th century. According to one tradition, the miniatures are supposed to have been created clandestinely, and many of them are directed against Iconoclasts.

  5. Iconoclasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iconoclasm

    The term originates from the Byzantine Iconoclasm, the struggles between proponents and opponents of religious icons in the Byzantine Empire from 726 to 842 AD. Degrees of iconoclasm vary greatly among religions and their branches, but are strongest in religions which oppose idolatry, including the Abrahamic religions. [3]

  6. Saint Theodora (Tzanes) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Theodora_(Tzanes)

    Empress Theodora is one of the most important figures in Greek-Italian Byzantine art history. She ended the second scourge of iconoclasm. The word literally means image breaking. Countless priceless icons and paintings were destroyed. The empress was a savior to artists. The painting is at the Byzantine Museum in Athens, Greece. [1] [2] [3] [4]

  7. Icon of the Triumph of Orthodoxy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icon_of_the_Triumph_of...

    The icon references the overcoming of the Byzantine Empire’s Eastern Orthodox faith from the dominance of the Islamic faith and the Byzantine Iconoclasm in 842. [2] Shown in the icon's composition are important figures such as the Virgin Hodegetria, her child Jesus, and eleven saints and martyrs associated with the Triumph of Orthodoxy. [3]

  8. Methodios I of Constantinople - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodios_I_of_Constantinople

    This heralded the restoration of Christian orthodoxy, and became a holiday in the Byzantine Church, celebrated every year on the First Sunday of Great Lent, and known as the "Triumph of Orthodoxy". [5] The final years of the saint passed peacefully, he toiled much, wisely guided the Church and his flock. [6]

  9. Twelve Apostles in art - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Apostles_in_art

    Later, the period of Byzantine iconoclasm saw an imperial policy that destroyed and banned icons within the period between 726 and 843, standardising and restricting later depictions of icons. [29] Iconoclasm was a result of the fear of worship of the image, rather than the apostles or holy figure. Instead, the cross only was promoted as a form ...