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Quinine is a flavor component of tonic water and bitter lemon drink mixers. On the soda gun behind many bars, tonic water is designated by the letter "Q" representing quinine. [27] Tonic water was initially marketed as a means of delivering quinine to consumers in order to offer anti-malarial protection.
Tonic water is known to cause fixed eruptions, which is a type of skin reaction to drugs, [15] due to the quinine content. Various scientific journals have reported that repeated intake of tonic water can cause fixed eruptions with varying severity, with one reporting the onset of Stevens-Johnson syndrome . [ 16 ]
Quinquina is an aromatised wine, a variety of apéritif.Traditionally quinquinas contain cinchona, which provides quinine, introduced to Europe from Peru in the 17th century by Spanish missionaries, [citation needed] and used both in treating malaria [1] and as the principal ingredient in tonic water.
S.Pellegrino (Italian pronunciation: [sampelleˈɡriːno]) is an Italian natural mineral water brand, owned by the company Sanpellegrino S.p.A, part of Swiss company Nestlé since 1997. The principal production plant is located in San Pellegrino Terme in the Province of Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy.
Its signature taste is a result of inherently bitter lemon pith being reinforced by the bitter alkaloid quinine. The principal difference between tonic water and bitter lemon is the lemon juice, pith, and peel. The juice adds sour, offset by additional sweetener, and the oily peel fragrance. The generic bitter lemon drink dates back to 1834. [1]
It is produced in Italy by several companies, and is mostly consumed in Italy and Malta. San Pellegrino, the mineral water company, exports it under the brand name "Chinò" [2] and "Chinotto." [3] Coca-Cola produces it under the brand name "Fanta Chinotto" in Italy and "Fanta Amara" in Malta. A bottle of Italian chinotto An organic version of ...
On the Indian subcontinent and in other tropical regions, malaria was a persistent problem for Europeans, and in the 18th century, Scottish doctor George Cleghorn studied how quinine, a traditional cure for malaria, could be used to prevent the disease. [18] [19] The quinine was drunk in tonic water but the bitter taste was unpleasant. [19]
Bernardino Ramazzini (Italian pronunciation: [bernarˈdino ramat'tsini]; 4 October 1633 – 5 November 1714) was an Italian physician.. Ramazzini, along with Francesco Torti, was an early proponent of the use of cinchona bark (from which quinine is derived) in the treatment of malaria.