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An increased neutrophil elastase activity is also associated with worse outcomes and more severe disease in bronchiectasis. [21] The initial lung injury in bronchiectasis leads to an impaired mucociliary clearance of the lung airways, which leads to mucous stasis. [21]
COPD is defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 second divided by the forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) that is less than 0.7 (or 70%). [8] The residual volume, the volume of air left in the lungs following full expiration, is often increased in COPD, as is the total lung capacity, while the vital capacity remains relatively normal.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea or shortness of breath, cough, sputum production or exacerbations) due to abnormalities of the airways (bronchitis ...
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is the most common cause of NTM lung disease in most countries, including the United States. [6] Classically, MAC infection results in either upper lobe cavities in male smokers with COPD or bronchiectasis in thin, older women; however, it is possible to have both cavities and bronchiectasis in the same patient ...
Asthma, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are all obstructive lung diseases characterised by airway obstruction.This limits the amount of air that is able to enter alveoli because of constriction of the bronchial tree, due to inflammation.
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1D CMT1E Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1E CMT1F Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1F CMT1X Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1X CMT2 Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2 COFS Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome: COLD Chronic obstructive lung disease: COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Asthma is a respiratory disease that can begin or worsen due to exposure at work and is characterized by episodic narrowing of respiratory airways. Occupational asthma has a variety of causes, including sensitization to a specific substance, causing an allergic response; or a reaction to an irritant that is inhaled in the workplace.
When chronic bronchitis occurs together with decreased airflow it is known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [27] [26] Many people with chronic bronchitis have COPD; however, most people with COPD do not also have chronic bronchitis. [10] [28] Estimates of the number of people with COPD who have chronic bronchitis are 7–40%.
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