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Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation. Upon crystallization from water, or water-containing solvents, many compounds incorporate water molecules in their crystalline frameworks. Water of crystallization can ...
Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO 4.It forms hydrates ZnSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 0 to 7. All are colorless solids. The most common form includes water of crystallization as the heptahydrate, [4] with the formula Zn SO 4 ·7H 2 O.
Crystallization is the process by which solids form, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal. Some ways by which crystals form are precipitating from a solution, freezing, or more rarely deposition directly from a gas.
The methods used to determine the degree of crystallinity can be incorporated over time to measure the kinetics of crystallization. The most basic model for polymer crystallization kinetics comes from Hoffman nucleation theory. The crystallization process of polymers does not always obey simple chemical rate equations. Polymers can crystallize ...
A colorful example is cobalt(II) chloride, which turns from blue to red upon hydration, and can therefore be used as a water indicator.. The notation "hydrated compound⋅n H 2 O", where n is the number of water molecules per formula unit of the salt, is commonly used to show that a salt is hydrated.
Only four of the six water molecules in the formula is bound to the nickel, and the remaining two are water of crystallization, so the formula of nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate is [NiCl 2 (H 2 O) 4]·2H 2 O. [9] Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate has a similar structure. The hexahydrate occurs in nature as the very rare mineral nickelbischofite.
The other is with the incorporation of water molecules directly into the crystalline structure of a new mineral, [1] as with the hydration of feldspars to clay minerals, garnet to chlorite, or kyanite to muscovite. [citation needed] Mineral hydration is also a process in the regolith that results in conversion of silicate minerals into clay ...
Cerium(III) sulfate, also called cerous sulfate, is an inorganic compound with the formula Ce 2 (SO 4) 3. It is one of the few salts whose solubility in water decreases with rising temperature. [1] Cerium(III) sulfate is a hygroscopic white solid, which begins to decompose above 600°C. It has a monoclinic crystal structure.