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Hypodontia is defined as the developmental absence of one or more teeth excluding the third molars. It is one of the most common dental anomalies, and can have a negative impact on function, and also appearance.
Tooth and nail syndrome (also known as "Hypodontia with nail dysgenesis," [1] and "Witkop syndrome" [1]) is a rare disorder, first described in 1965, characterized by nails that are thin, small, and friable, and which may show koilonychia at birth.
Hypodontia, defined as the congenital lack of one or more permanent teeth, is the most common dental abnormality found in humans and affects approximately 20% of the population worldwide. [8] AXIS inhibition protein 2 (AXIN2) gene polymorphic variants may be associated with both hypodontia and oligodontia (characterized by the lack of six or ...
The opposite of hyperdontia is hypodontia, where there is a congenital lack of teeth, which is a condition seen more commonly than hyperdontia. [1] The scientific definition of hyperdontia is "any tooth or odontogenic structure that is formed from tooth germ in excess of usual number for any given region of the dental arch."
Hypodontia is a lack of some tooth development (not including third molars). It is one of the most common developmental abnormalities, affecting 3.5–8.0% of the population. Hypodontia is often associated with the absence of a dental lamina, which is vulnerable to environmental forces like infection and chemotherapy medications.
Dental management is a cornerstone of ED treatment due to the common occurrence of missing, malformed, or delayed eruption of teeth. Dental prostheses, such as dentures, partial dentures, or implants, are frequently used to restore function and aesthetics in patients with hypodontia, oligodontia, or anodontia. [3]
Hypodontia and anodontia are frequently associated with a multitude of genetic disorders and syndromes, approximately 70. Syndromes particularly involved with ectodermal involvement are a prime circumstance for anodontia to occur, some examples of these are: Rieger's, Robinson's and focal dermal hypoplasia.
The reason for tooth agenesis has not been completely understood, despite the identification of several mutations in MSX1 and PAX9 genes which are related to tooth agenesis and mutations in AXIN2 gene which cause oligodontia. [3]