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Anorectal abscess (also known as an anal/rectal abscess or perianal/perirectal abscess) is an abscess adjacent to the anus. [1] Most cases of perianal abscesses are sporadic, though there are certain situations which elevate the risk for developing the disease, such as diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, chronic corticosteroid treatment and others.
Anal fistula is a chronic abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin. [1] An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. [2] Anal fistulae commonly occur in people with a history of anal abscesses. They can form when ...
In most cases, treatment of an anal abscess involves surgical drainage. Your doctor will make an incision to drain the infection, with the end goal to ease the pressure and let the tissue heal.
Doctors uses a variety of tools and techniques to evaluate the type of anorectal disorder, including digital and anoscopic investigations, palpations, and palpitations.The initial examination can be painful because a gastroenterologist will need to spread the buttocks and probe the painful area, which may require a local anesthetic.
Most anal fissures are caused by stretching of the anal mucous membrane beyond its capability. [3] Superficial or shallow anal fissures look much like a paper cut, and may be hard to detect upon visual inspection; they will generally self-heal within a couple of weeks. However, some anal fissures become chronic and deep and will not heal.
The entry of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract into the abdomen results in peritonitis or in the formation of an abscess. [ 2 ] Patients may develop sepsis , a life-threatening response to infection, which may appear as an increased heart rate , increased breathing rate, fever, and confusion . [ 2 ]
Steroid enemas can be used for treatment of rectal disease symptoms. Corticosteroids are a class of anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat moderate to severe flares of Crohn's disease. However, they are used sparingly because they can cause serious side effects, [ 4 ] including Cushing's syndrome , mania , insomnia , hypertension , high blood ...
Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the preferred method of surgery for persons with chronic anal fissures, and is generally used when medical therapy has failed. [1] It is associated with a lower rate of side effects than older techniques such as posterior internal sphincterotomy and anoplasty, [3] and has also been shown to be superior to topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN 0.2% ointment) in ...
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