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This is a timeline of achievements in Soviet and United States spaceflight, spanning the Cold War era of nationalistic competition known as the Space Race.. This list is limited to first achievements by the USSR and USA which were important during the Space Race in terms of public perception and/or technical innovation.
The UN ultimately created a Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, which was signed by the United States, the USSR, and the United Kingdom on January 27, 1967, and came into force the following October 10. [207
At the same time, the international space race between smaller space powers since the end of the 20th century can be considered the foundation and expansion of markets of commercial rocket launches and space tourism. [citation needed] The United States continued other space exploration, including major participation with the ISS with its own ...
The notion of "firsts" in spaceflight follows a long tradition of firsts in aviation, but is also closely tied to the Space Race. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Soviet Union and the United States competed to be the first countries to accomplish various feats. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the
United States Bumper-5: 14 June 1949: First mammal in space (Albert II, a rhesus monkey). First primate in space. United States V-2: 22 July 1951: First dogs in space (Dezik and Tsygan). First living organisms to fly in space and safely return. USSR Soviet space dogs [7] 20 September 1956: First rocket to pass the thermopause and enter the ...
3 June 1965 Gemini 4: 7 June 1965 Gemini 4: First American EVA. 19 Gordon Cooper (2) Pete Conrad (1) 21 August 1965 Gemini 5: 29 August 1965 Gemini 5: First one week spaceflight. Cooper becomes the first person to orbit the Earth on two different missions. 20 Frank Borman (1) Jim Lovell (1) 4 December 1965 Gemini 7: 18 December 1965 Gemini 7 ...
Competing in the Space Race with the United States and later with the European Union and with China, the Soviet space program was notable in setting many records in space exploration, including the first intercontinental missile (R-7 Semyorka) that launched the first satellite and sent the first animal into Earth orbit in 1957, and placed the ...
The Space Race was the first era of the Space Age. It was a race between the United States and the Soviet Union which began with the Soviet Union's October 4, 1957, launch of Earth's first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 during the International Geophysical Year. [9] Weighing 83.6 kg (184.3 lb) and orbiting the Earth once every 98 minutes.