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Anusvara (Sanskrit: अनुस्वार, IAST: anusvāra), also known as Bindu (Hindi: बिंदु), is a symbol used in many Indic scripts to mark a type of nasal sound, typically transliterated ṃ or ṁ in standards like ISO 15919 and IAST. Depending on its location in the word and the language for which it is used, its exact ...
anusvara: marks nasalization ᓁ visarga: marks the sound [h], which is an allophone of [r] and [s] in pausa (at the end of an utterance) ᓂ virama: used to suppress the inherent vowel ᓃ nukta: used to create new consonant signs 𑓄 avagraha: used to indicate prodelision of an [a] 𑓅 gvang used to mark nasalization ...
In the Burmese script, the visarga (variously called ရှေ့ကပေါက် shay ga pauk, ဝစ္စနစ်လုံးပေါက် wizza nalone pauk, or ရှေ့ဆီး shay zi and represented with two dots to the right of the letter as း), when joined to a letter, creates the high tone.
Anusvara and visarga are also used. In the relevant Tai languages, a short vowel in an open syllable includes an underlyinɡ ɡlottal stop. Additional short vowels not shown above may be synthesised from the corresponding long vowel by appending visarga for open syllables (as shown for Vo) or applying mai sat ( ) for closed syllables (as shown ...
Chandrabindu (IAST: candrabindu, lit. ' moon dot ' in Sanskrit) is a diacritic sign with the form of a dot inside the lower half of a circle. It is used in the Devanagari (ँ), Bengali-Assamese (ঁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), Tamil ( 𑌁 Extension used from Grantha), Telugu (ఁ), Kannada ( ಁ), Malayalam ( ഁ), Sinhala ( ඁ), Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts.
It is a special consonant letter, different from a "normal" consonant letter, in that it is never followed by an inherent vowel or another vowel. In general, an anusvara at the end of a word in an Indian language is transliterated as ṁ in ISO 15919, but a Malayalam anusvara at the end of a word is transliterated as m without a dot.
A syllable in Sanskrit must contain a consonant or the null-consonant 𑩐 , and may contain any of prefixed consonant, medial consonants, a vowel marker, a vowel length marker, a diphthong marker, and one of the diacritics, anusvara or visarga.
The anusvara that Sanskrit deploys is a conditioned alternant of postvocalic nasals, under certain sandhi conditions. [227] Its visarga is a word-final or morpheme-final conditioned alternant of s and r under certain sandhi conditions.