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View of Amazon basin forest north of Manaus, Brazil. The term “biotic pump” infers a circulation system driven by biological processes. This concept shows forests as being the major factors in manipulating atmospheric processes to cycle rainfall taken up by trees throughout all continents and back to the atmosphere for further cycling. [4]
The Amazon contains about 10% of the world’s land-based biodiversity and stores incredible amounts of carbon in its dense trees. The rainforest is a carbon sink, meaning it stores more carbon ...
ATTO's tall tower observed from one of the 80-m towers. The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory or ATTO is a scientific research facility in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil.This includes a 325-metre-tall (1,066 ft) tower [1] that extends far above the forest canopy and two 80-metre (260 ft) towers that allow researchers to collect samples from the soil surface to above the forest canopy.
The flying river is a movement of large quantities of water vapor transported in the atmosphere from the Amazon Basin to other parts of South America. The forest trees release water vapor into the atmosphere through transpiration and this moisture is deposited in other localities in the form of precipitation, forming a virtual river.
The Amazon rainforest, [a] also called Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses 7,000,000 km 2 (2,700,000 sq mi), [ 2 ] of which 6,000,000 km 2 (2,300,000 sq mi) are covered by the rainforest . [ 3 ]
Most of the interior of the Amazon basin is covered by rainforest. [6] The dense tropical Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world. [2] It covers between 5,500,000 and 6,200,000 square kilometres (2,100,000 and 2,400,000 sq mi) of the 6,700,000 to 6,900,000 square kilometres (2,600,000 to 2,700,000 sq mi) Amazon biome.
Mineral dust is mainly constituted of the oxides (SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, FeO, Fe 2 O 3, CaO, and others) and carbonates (CaCO 3, MgCO 3) that constitute the Earth's crust.The composition of mineral dust, usually named in atmospheric sciences as mineralogy composition, is relevant for different physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere, for example, oxides with iron have an effect in the ...
The dry endorheic basin is a major source of fertile dust essential for the Amazon rainforest. Dust storms from the Bodélé Depression occur on average about 100 days per year, [ 3 ] one typical example being the massive dust storms that swept over West Africa and the Cape Verde Islands in February 2004.