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Resistant hypertension is defined as hypertension that remains above goal blood pressure in spite of using, at once, three antihypertensive medications belonging to different drug classes. Guidelines for treating resistant hypertension have been published in the UK [45] and US. [46]
Sotatercept, sold under the brand name Winrevair is a medication used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. [6] It is an activin signaling inhibitor, [6] based on the extracellular domain of the activin type 2 receptor expressed as a recombinant fusion protein with immunoglobulin Fc domain (ACTRIIA-Fc). [9]
Treatment of pulmonary hypertension is determined by whether the PH is arterial, venous, hypoxic, thromboembolic, or miscellaneous. If it is caused by left heart disease, the treatment is to optimize left ventricular function by the use of medication or to repair/replace the mitral valve or aortic valve. [68]
Bosentan, sold under the brand name Tracleer among others, is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist medication used in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). [4] [5] Bosentan is available as film-coated tablets (62.5 mg or 125 mg) or as dispersable tablets for oral suspension (32 mg). [4]
Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure.
The first list was published in 1977 and included 208 medications. [8] [2] [9] The WHO updates the list every two years. [10] There are 306 medications in the 14th list in 2005, [11] 410 in the 19th list in 2015, [10] 433 in the 20th list in 2017, [12] [13] 460 in the 21st list in 2019, [14] [15] [16] and 479 in the 22nd list in 2021.
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