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Antipsychotics by class Generic name Brand names Chemical class ATC code Typical antipsychotics; Acepromazine: Atravet, Acezine: phenothiazine: N05AA04
The atypical antipsychotics (AAP), also known as second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs), [1] [2] are a group of antipsychotic drugs (antipsychotic drugs in general are also known as tranquilizers and neuroleptics, although the latter is usually reserved for the typical antipsychotics) largely introduced after the 1970s and used to treat psychiatric ...
Saphris – atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; Serax – anti-anxiety medication of the benzodiazepine class, often used to help during detoxification from alcohol or other addictive substances; Serentil (mesoridazine) – an antipsychotic drug used in the treatment of schizophrenia [1]
The mechanism of actions of most antipsychotics is post-synaptic blockage of brain dopamine D2 receptors. Second generation antipsychotics also bind with serotonin 5HT2 receptors at a high affinity, which is suggested to be the cause for the lowered risk of extrapyramidal side effects compared with first generation antipsychotics. [14]
Antipsychotics work best in the manic phase of bipolar disorder. [20] Second-generation or atypical antipsychotics (including aripiprazole , olanzapine , quetiapine , paliperidone , risperidone , and ziprasidone ) have emerged as effective mood stabilizers. [ 2 ]
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The difference between first- and second-generation antipsychotics is a subject of debate. The second-generation antipsychotics are generally distinguishable by the presence of 5HT2A receptor antagonism and a corresponding lower propensity for extrapyramidal side effects compared to first-generation antipsychotics. [15]
Typical antipsychotics (also known as major tranquilizers, and first generation antipsychotics) are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis (in particular, schizophrenia). Typical antipsychotics may also be used for the treatment of acute mania, agitation, and other conditions.