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The following are a list of spacecraft with a mass greater than 8,000 kg (17,637 lb), or the top three to any other orbit including a planetary orbit, or the top three of a specific category of vehicle, or the heaviest vehicle from a specific nation. All numbers listed below for satellites use their mass at launch, if not otherwise stated.
Last minute checks could then be carried out and the rocket launched. The rocket would have been able to carry a payload of up to 550 tonnes (540 long tons; 610 short tons) or 550,000 kg (1,210,000 lb) into LEO. Payload costs, in 1963, were estimated to be between $59 and $600 per kg (roughly $500 to $5,060 per kg in 2020 dollars [5]).
This rocket was launched on October 9, 1971, from Sriharikota. It was a single-stage rocket using a solid propellant, [7] carrying a 7 kilograms (15 lb) payload to 19 kilometres (12 mi) in altitude. It flew twice between January 1970 and October 1971.
It is the largest solid-fuel booster after the SLS SRBs, the Space Shuttle SRBs and the Ariane 5 SRBs. The flex nozzles can be vectored up to ±8° by electro-hydraulic actuators with a capacity of 294 kilonewtons (66,000 lb f ) using hydro-pneumatic pistons operating in blow-down mode by high pressure oil and nitrogen.
Chandrayaan 1 as India's first lunar probe. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation on 22 October 2008, and was operated until August 2009. The mission included a lunar orbiter and an impactor. The mission was a major boost to India's space program, as India researched and developed its own technology in order to explore the Moon.
The first crewed mission was originally planned to be launched on ISRO's HLVM3 rocket in December 2021. [6] [7] As of November 2024, it is expected to be launched no earlier than 2026. [8] The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)-manufactured crew module underwent its first uncrewed experimental flight on 18 December 2014. [9]
UK-DMC 3 and two other foreign satellites launched. Heaviest ever commercial launch mission undertaken by ISRO. [34] [35] 27 28 September 2015 PSLV-XL: C30 Success Launch of India's first dedicated astronomy satellite Astrosat and ISRO's first launch of US satellites. [36] 28 16 December 2015 PSLV-CA: C29 Success Commercial launch of 6 ...
Smallest body to be orbited by spacecraft (492 m (1,600 ft) diameter) and closest ever orbit (680 m (2,230 ft) altitude). [80] [81] USA 12 June 2019 Moon: Yutu-2: Longest operational lunar rover after breaking the longevity record of 321 Earth days held by Soviet Union's Lunokhod 1 rover. [82] China 20 November 2019 Moon: Chang'e 5