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The following are a list of spacecraft with a mass greater than 8,000 kg (17,637 lb), or the top three to any other orbit including a planetary orbit, or the top three of a specific category of vehicle, or the heaviest vehicle from a specific nation. All numbers listed below for satellites use their mass at launch, if not otherwise stated.
A heavy-lift launch vehicle (HLV) is an orbital launch vehicle capable of lifting payloads between 20,000 to 50,000 kg (44,000 to 110,000 lb) (by NASA classification) or between 20,000 to 100,000 kilograms (44,000 to 220,000 lb) (by Russian classification) [1] into low Earth orbit (LEO). [2]
A 1962 design proposal, Sea Dragon, called for an enormous 150 m (490 ft) tall, sea-launched rocket capable of lifting 550 t (1,210,000 lb) to low Earth orbit. Although preliminary engineering of the design was done by TRW , the project never moved forward due to the closing of NASA's Future Projects Branch .
UK-DMC 3 and two other foreign satellites launched. Heaviest ever commercial launch mission undertaken by ISRO. [34] [35] 27 28 September 2015 PSLV-XL: C30 Success Launch of India's first dedicated astronomy satellite Astrosat and ISRO's first launch of US satellites. [36] 28 16 December 2015 PSLV-CA: C29 Success Commercial launch of 6 ...
The first crewed mission was originally planned to be launched on ISRO's HLVM3 rocket in December 2021. [6] [7] As of November 2024, it is expected to be launched no earlier than 2026. [8] The Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)-manufactured crew module underwent its first uncrewed experimental flight on 18 December 2014. [9]
After 29 days from its launch, the Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft stack entered lunar orbit on 20 August 2019 after performing a lunar orbit insertion burn for 28 minutes 57 seconds. [137] The three-spacecraft stack was placed into an elliptical orbit that passed over the polar regions of the Moon, with 18,072 km (11,229 mi) aposelene and 114 km (71 ...
Last minute checks could then be carried out and the rocket launched. The rocket would have been able to carry a payload of up to 550 tonnes (540 long tons; 610 short tons) or 550,000 kg (1,210,000 lb) into LEO. Payload costs, in 1963, were estimated to be between $59 and $600 per kg (roughly $500 to $5,060 per kg in 2020 dollars [5]).
India launched its delayed Moon mission Chandrayaan-2 in 2019 which however failed to conduct soft landing on lunar surface. India also demonstrated capability to destroy "enemy" satellites in orbit. Increased application of India's space capabilities in strengthening its national security was observed.