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The economic history of the Philippines is shaped by its colonial past, evolving governance, and integration into the global economy. Prior to Spanish colonization in the 16th century, the islands had a flourishing economy centered around agriculture, fisheries, and trade with neighboring countries like China, Japan, and Southeast Asia.
The IMF mandated stabilization plan which accompanied the agreement included numerous macroeconomic interventions, including a shift away from the Philippines’ historical economic strategy of import substitution industrialization and towards export-oriented industrialization; and the allowing the Philippine Peso to float and devalue. [1]
The Philippine economy took a big hit during the 1973 oil crisis, but the commodities boom kept the economy afloat. [ 7 ] Manufactured exports became a significant growth area, growing at twice the rate of the agricultural exports which had been the Philippines’ traditional export products. [ 15 ]
The economy grew amidst the two severe global oil shocks following the 1973 oil crisis and 1979 energy crisis – oil price was $3 / barrel in 1973 and $39.5 in 1979, or a growth of 1200% which drove inflation. Despite the 1984–1985 recession, GDP on a per capita basis more than tripled from $175.9 in 1965 to $565.8 in 1985 at the end of ...
Cartoon of Governor General Leonard Wood catching "rats" in the Philippine National Bank, published by Bag-ong Kusog, June 13, 1924. The 1921 Philippine financial crisis resulted as a consequence of an economic crisis which began in 1919 along with the mismanagement of the Philippine National Bank. Due to the Wood-Forbes Mission in 1921, there ...
The economy of the Philippines is an emerging market, and considered as a newly industrialized country in the Asia-Pacific region. [30] In 2025, the Philippine economy is estimated to be at ₱29.66 trillion ($507.6 billion), making it the world's 31st largest by nominal GDP and 11th largest in Asia according to the International Monetary Fund .
Country foreign exchange reserves minus external debt. In international economics, the balance of payments (also known as balance of international payments and abbreviated BOP or BoP) of a country is the difference between all money flowing into the country in a particular period of time (e.g., a quarter or a year) and the outflow of money to the rest of the world.
In the Philippines, this is characterized by continuous and increasing levels of debt and budget deficits, though there were improvements in the last few years of the first decade of the 21st century. [2] The Philippine government's main source of revenue are taxes, with some non-tax revenue also being collected. To finance fiscal deficit and ...