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Hall-effect thrusters use a magnetic field to limit the electrons' axial motion and then use them to ionize propellant, efficiently accelerate the ions to produce thrust, and neutralize the ions in the plume. The Hall-effect thruster is classed as a moderate specific impulse (1,600 s) space propulsion technology and has benefited from ...
Busek's BHT-200 hall effect thruster. The first US Hall thruster flown in space, Busek's BHT-200, was launched aboard the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) TacSat-2 satellite. The Busek thruster was part of the Microsatellite Propulsion Integration (MPI) Experiment and was integrated on TacSat-2 under the direction of the DoD Space
An alternate form of electric propulsion, the Hall-effect thruster, was studied independently in the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. Hall-effect thrusters operated on Soviet satellites from 1972 until the late 1990s, mainly used for satellite stabilization in north–south and in east–west directions.
Some devices that are used or proposed for use as thrusters are: Cold gas thruster; Electrohydrodynamic thruster, using ionized air (only for use in an atmosphere) Electrodeless plasma thruster, electric propulsion using ponderomotive force; Electrostatic ion thruster, using high-voltage electrodes; Hall effect thruster, a type of ion thruster
The development of the Hall-effect thrusters is considered a sensitive topic in China, with scientists "working to improve the technology without attracting attention". Hall-effect thrusters are created with crewed mission safety in mind with an effort to prevent erosion and damage caused by the accelerated ion particles.
The term ordinary Hall effect can be used to distinguish the effect described in the introduction from a related effect which occurs across a void or hole in a semiconductor or metal plate when current is injected via contacts that lie on the boundary or edge of the void. The charge then flows outside the void, within the metal or semiconductor ...
Hall effect thruster: BHT-200: Xenon: USAF: Busek: Experimental Satellite KazSat-2: 16 Jul 2011: Hall effect thruster: 8: SPT-70: Xenon: JSC KazSat: OKB Fakel: Communications satellite based on Khrunichev Yachta bus Fobos-Grunt: 9 Nov 2011: 15 Jan 2012: Hall effect thruster: 3: SPT-140: Xenon: Roskosmos: OKB Fakel: Failed to reach intended ...
Psyche is the first interplanetary mission to use Hall-effect thrusters, although not the first to use electric thrusters in general. [ 42 ] The SPT-140 (SPT stands for Stationary Plasma Thruster ) is a production line commercial propulsion system [ 3 ] that was invented in the USSR by OKB Fakel and developed by NASA's Glenn Research Center ...