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If, though, the output is taken across the resistor, high frequencies are passed and low frequencies are attenuated (since the capacitor blocks the signal as its frequency approaches 0). In this configuration, the circuit behaves as a high-pass filter. The range of frequencies that the filter passes is called its bandwidth.
DC blocks also help suppress signal leakage, such as modulation leakage in signal sources, thereby improving the system’s signal integrity. They can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in sensitive communication systems by preventing the intrusion of unwanted currents.
For any discrete capacitor, there is a frequency above DC at which it ceases to behave as a pure capacitor. This frequency, where is as high as , is called the self-resonant frequency. The self-resonant frequency is the lowest frequency at which the impedance passes through a minimum.
The resonant frequency for a driven RLC circuit is the same as a circuit in which there is no damping, hence undamped resonant frequency. The resonant frequency peak amplitude, on the other hand, does depend on the value of the resistor and is described as the damped resonant frequency.
Frequency is relative to the natural frequency ω 0. (Its damping ratio ζ and ω 0 would depend on the particular capacitor.) Lower frequencies are more capacitive. Around ω 0, the total impedance and voltage drop is primarily resistive. Higher frequencies are more inductive.
Each coupling capacitor along with the input electrical impedance of the next stage forms a high-pass filter and the sequence of filters results in a cumulative filter with a cutoff frequency that may be higher than those of each individual filter. Coupling capacitors can also introduce nonlinear distortion at low frequencies. This is not an ...
Capacitors used for suppressing undesirable frequencies are sometimes called filter capacitors. They are common in electrical and electronic equipment, and cover a number of applications, such as: Glitch removal on direct current (DC) power rails; Radio frequency interference (RFI) removal for signal or power lines entering or leaving equipment
Inductors block high-frequency signals and conduct low-frequency signals, while capacitors do the reverse. A filter in which the signal passes through an inductor, or in which a capacitor provides a path to ground, presents less attenuation to low-frequency signals than high-frequency signals and is therefore a low-pass filter.
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