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All jet engines require high temperature gas for good efficiency, typically achieved by combusting hydrocarbon or hydrogen fuel. Combustion temperatures can be as high as 3500K (5841F) in rockets, far above the melting point of most materials, but normal airbreathing jet engines use rather lower temperatures.
Jet noise may be reduced by adding features to the exit of the nozzle which increase the surface area of the cylindrical jet. Commercial turbojets and early by-pass engines typically split the jet into multiple lobes. Modern high by-pass turbofans have triangular serrations, called chevrons, which protrude slightly into the propelling jet.
A swan neck duct is a jet engine component, usually situated within the compression or turbine expansion system. [1] Many jet engines have a short annular passageway, linking two components, where there is a large change in mean radius, from front to rear. The shape of the resulting passageway is often similar to that of a swan or goose neck.
The exhaust thrust from a jet engine is equal to exhaust mass flow times exhaust velocity, i.e., Thrust = ṁv, while the energy to make that thrust is given by Energy = 1/2mv 2. A mixer helps reduce the fastest exhaust velocities from the core of the engine, while making the average exhaust velocity faster, producing more thrust with the same ...
A diffuser is "a device for reducing the velocity and increasing the static pressure of a fluid passing through a system”. [1] The fluid's static pressure rise as it passes through a duct is commonly referred to as pressure recovery. In contrast, a nozzle is used to increase the discharge velocity and lower the pressure of a fluid passing ...
Notable engine with water fuel injection: BMW 801, Daimler-Benz DB 605, Junkers Jumo 213. When used in a turbine engine, the effects are similar, except that normally preventing detonation is not the primary goal. Water is normally injected either at the compressor inlet or in the diffuser just before the combustion chambers.
A jet engine is a type of reaction engine, discharging a fast-moving jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition may include rocket , water jet , and hybrid propulsion, the term jet engine typically refers to an internal combustion air-breathing jet engine such as a turbojet , turbofan ...
An inlet cone, as part of an Oswatitsch-type inlet used on a supersonic aircraft or missile, is the 3D-surface on which supersonic ram compression for a gas turbine engine or ramjet combustor takes place through oblique shock waves. Slowing the air to low supersonic speeds using a cone minimizes loss in total pressure (increases pressure recovery).