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This is a list of the cargo as described by Pulak (1998). The Uluburun ship's cargo consisted mostly of raw materials that were trade items, which before the ship's discovery were known primarily from ancient texts or Egyptian tomb paintings. The cargo matches many of the royal gifts listed in the Amarna letters found at El-Amarna, Egypt.
Canaanite shipwreck – c. 1300 BC 90 kilometres (56 mi) off the north coast of Israel, in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of 1,800 metres (5,900 ft). [2] The Uluburun shipwreck – 1300 BC. The Cape Gelidonya shipwreck – 1200 BC. The Zambratija shipwreck – 1200 - 1000 BC. 7th century BC. Gozo Phoenician shipwreck off the coast of Malta. [3]
Evidence of tin trade in the Mediterranean can be seen in a number of Bronze Age shipwrecks containing tin ingots such as the Uluburun off the coast of Turkey dated 1300 BC which carried over 300 copper bars weighing 10 tons, and approximately 40 tin bars weighing 1 ton. [44]
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Although the discovered cargo indicates the vessel sank during a trading voyage, several cannonballs were also found onboard, suggesting sailors were prepared for something more than a smooth ...
However, large pithoi are not found in the few shipwrecks of merchant vessels from the Bronze Age. In a recent study of the lading of the ship wrecked at Uluburun in the Late Bronze Age, Lin hypothesizes a cargo of about 20 tons, including 10 pithoi at 3.5 tons, or 0.35 tons each, if filled with fluid at about the density of water. [11]
But just three hours into their voyage, the vessel suffered an engine failure. Still in high seas, an old wooden gulet — a traditional Turkish style of boat — arrived as a replacement.
Stowage of cargo may also indicate consideration of threat. Pre-impact warning phase, in which humans may take drastic action to avoid catastrophe, for example, running a vessel ashore, jettisoning cargo or running out anchors. Impact, in which the decision is made to abandon ship or remain aboard, and, for example, attempt to refloat.