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Topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, Efudex, Carac) has been shown to be an effective therapy for diffuse, but minor actinic cheilitis. 5-fluorouracil works by blocking DNA synthesis. Cells that are rapidly growing need more DNA, so they accumulate more 5-fluorouracil, resulting in their death. Normal skin is much less affected.
Fluorouracil has been given systemically for anal, breast, colorectal, oesophageal, stomach, pancreatic and skin cancers (especially head and neck cancers). [12] It has also been given topically (on the skin) for actinic keratoses, skin cancers and Bowen's disease [12] (a type of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma), and as eye drops for treatment of ocular surface squamous neoplasia. [13]
The cycle is repeated, with a safety margin of curettage of normal skin around the visible tumor. This cycle is repeated 3 to 5 times, and the free skin margin treated is usually 4 to 6 mm. Cure rate is very much user-dependent and depends also on the size and type of tumor. Infiltrative or morpheaform BCCs can be difficult to eradicate with EDC.
Topical creams, such as 5-fluorouracil or imiquimod, may require daily application to affected skin areas over a typical time course of weeks. [13] Cryotherapy is frequently used for few and well-defined lesions, [14] but undesired skin lightening, or hypopigmentation, may occur at the treatment site. [15]
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, of unknown cause, which can affect any body part of any person, but has a strong preference for the genitals (penis, vulva), and is also known as balanitis xerotica obliterans when it affects the penis.
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[2] [3] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms. [3] Treatment is only needed if it is causing symptoms. [3] This may include salicylic acid, cryotherapy, chemo-based fluorouracil or bleomycin, and surgical removal. [2] The skin atop the lesion should generally be removed before treatment. [2]
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related to: how does 5-fluorouracil work for skin diseases pictures and treatments symptoms