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  2. Natural law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_law

    Natural law. Natural law[ 1] ( Latin: ius naturale, lex naturalis) is a system of law based on a close observation of natural order and human nature, from which values, thought by natural law's proponents to be intrinsic to human nature, can be deduced and applied independently of positive law (the express enacted laws of a state or society ). [ 2]

  3. Natural rights and legal rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_rights_and_legal...

    Natural law is the law of natural rights. Legal rights are those bestowed onto a person by a given legal system (they can be modified, repealed, and restrained by human laws). The concept of positive law is related to the concept of legal rights. Natural law first appeared in ancient Greek philosophy, [2] and was referred to by Roman ...

  4. Rights of nature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights_of_nature

    Rights of nature. Right to a healthy environment. War and environmental law. Wild law. v. t. e. Rights of nature or Earth rights is a legal and jurisprudential theory that describes inherent rights as associated with ecosystems and species, similar to the concept of fundamental human rights. The rights of nature concept challenges twentieth ...

  5. The Law of Nations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Law_of_Nations

    1793 (3rd) 1797 (4th) The Law of Nations: Or, Principles of the Law of Nature Applied to the Conduct and Affairs of Nations and Sovereigns [Note 1] is a legal treatise on international law by Emerich de Vattel, published in 1758. [1]

  6. Legal evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_Evolution

    Legal evolution is a branch of legal theory which proposes that law and legal systems change and develop according to regular, natural laws. It is closely related to social evolution and was developed in the 18th century, peaking in popularity in the 19th century before entering a prolonged hiatus.

  7. Legal naturalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_naturalism

    t. e. Legal naturalism is a term coined by Olufemi Taiwo to describe a current in the social philosophy of Karl Marx which can be interpreted as one of natural law. Taiwo considered it the manifestation of Natural Law in a dialectical materialist context. The concept recognizes the existence of legal priorities or principles, which form an ...

  8. Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

    The target audience of natural history was French upper class, evidenced more by the specific discourse of the genre than by the generally high prices of its works. Naturalists catered to upper class desire for erudition: many texts had an explicit instructive purpose. However, natural history was often a political affair.

  9. Legal realism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_realism

    Common good constitutionalism. Legal realism. Legal process. Legal formalism. v. t. e. Legal realism is a naturalistic approach to law; it is the view that jurisprudence should emulate the methods of natural science, that is, it should rely on empirical evidence. Hypotheses must be tested against observations of the world. [citation needed]