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In the northern part of its range, Quercus velutina is a relatively small tree, reaching a height of 20–25 metres (66–82 feet) and a diameter of 90 centimetres (35 inches), but it grows larger in the south and center of its range, where heights of up to 42 m (138 ft) are known.
Two main opposing forces affect a tree's height; one pushes it upward while the other holds it down. By analyzing the interplay between these forces in coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens), a team of biologists led by George Koch of Northern Arizona University calculated the theoretical maximum tree height or the point at which opposing forces balance out and a tree stops growing.
It is fast-growing and usually has a pleasing red color in autumn, much more reliably so than the pin oak. This species was for years erroneously called Quercus nuttallii , but it is now known as Q. texana ; this has created much confusion with Texas red oak , which was known as Q. texana but is now known as Q. buckleyi .
Quercus marilandica is a small deciduous tree growing to 15 meters (49 feet) tall, with bark cracked into rectangular black plates with narrow orange fissures. The leaves are 7–20 centimeters (3–8 inches) long and broad, and typically flare from a tapered base to a broad three-lobed bell shape with only shallow indentations.
Quercus chrysolepis, commonly termed canyon live oak, canyon oak, golden cup oak or maul oak, is a North American species of evergreen oak.Its leaves are a glossy dark green on the upper surface with prominent spines; a further identification arises from the leaves of canyon live oak being geometrically flat.
Quercus acuta, the Japanese evergreen oak, is an oak native to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and China's Guizhou Province and Guangdong Province. [3] It is placed in subgenus Cerris , section Cyclobalanopsis .
Quercus rysophylla is a large tree, up to 25 metres (82 feet) tall. It has smooth pale gray bark, which ages and becomes rough, deeply cracked and dark gray. [3] The leaves are lanceolate (lance shaped), up to 21 centimetres (8 + 1 ⁄ 4 inches) long. [4] It has acorns that are biennial, ripening the year after flowering. [3]
Quercus douglasii, known as blue oak, is a species of oak endemic to California, common in the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. [4] It is California's most drought-tolerant deciduous oak, [5] and is a dominant species in the blue oak woodland ecosystem. It is occasionally known as mountain oak and iron oak. [6] [7]