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The reaction has been the subject of several literature reviews. [1] [2] [3] The Nef reaction: 1. Salt of a nitroalkane 3. Ketone 4. Nitrous oxide. The reaction was reported in 1894 by the chemist John Ulric Nef, [4] who treated the sodium salt of nitroethane with sulfuric acid resulting in an 85–89% yield of nitrous oxide and at least 70% ...
Nitroethane is produced industrially by treating propane with nitric acid at 350–450 °C. This exothermic reaction produces four industrially significant nitroalkanes: nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane. The reaction involves free radicals, such as CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 O., which arise via homolysis of the corresponding ...
The reaction produces fragments from the parent alkane, creating a diverse mixture of products; for instance, nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane are produced by treating propane with nitric acid in the gas phase (e.g. 350–450 °C and 8–12 atm).
1-nitropropane is produced industrially by the reaction of propane and nitric acid. This reaction forms four nitroalkanes: nitromethane , nitroethane , 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane . 1-nitropropane is also a byproduct of the process for making 2-nitropropane, which is done by vapour phase nitration of propane.
The first synthesis was described by Wilhelm Will in 1914, using the reaction between the potassium salt of tetranitroethane with nitric acid. [2] C 2 (NO 2) 4 K 2 + 4 HNO 3 → C 2 (NO 2) 6 + 2 KNO 3 + 2 H 2 O. A practicable method for industrial use starts with furfural, [3] which first undergoes oxidative ring-opening by bromine to ...
In the lab, phenyl-2-nitropropene is produced by the reaction of benzaldehyde and nitroethane in the presence of a basic catalyst like n-butylamine.The reaction is a nitroaldol reaction, and is a variant of a Knoevenagel condensation reaction, which is one of a broader class of reactions called Henry condensations, or simply Henry reactions.
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They are prepared by the reaction of nitroalkanes with base and nitrite sources: [1] RCH 2 NO 2 + HNO 2 → RC(NO 2)=NOH + H 2 O. The conversion was first demonstrated by Victor Meyer using nitroethane. [2] The reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of the nitronate anion.