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  2. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    Multiple data sets may be necessary for certain phasing methods. For example, multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion phasing requires that the scattering be recorded at least three (and usually four, for redundancy) wavelengths of the incoming X-ray radiation. A single crystal may degrade too much during the collection of one data set, owing to ...

  3. Rietveld refinement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rietveld_refinement

    The pseudo-Voigt function, like the Gaussian and Lorentz functions, is a centrosymmetric function, and as such does not model asymmetry. This can be problematic for non-ideal powder XRD data, such as those collected at synchrotron radiation sources, which generally exhibit asymmetry due to the use of multiple focusing optics.

  4. List of molecular graphics systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_molecular_graphics...

    MM XRD: Free open-source: Java 3D applet or standalone program: Ovito: MM XRD EM MD: Free open-source: Python [13] [14] PyMOL: MM XRD SMI EM: Open-source [15] Python [16] [self-published source?] According to the author, almost 1/4 of all published images of 3D protein structures in the scientific literature were made via PyMOL. [citation ...

  5. Patterson function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patterson_function

    The Patterson function is used to solve the phase problem in X-ray crystallography.It was introduced in 1935 by Arthur Lindo Patterson while he was a visiting researcher in the laboratory of Bertram Eugene Warren at MIT.

  6. Biological data visualization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_data_visualization

    The advent of sophisticated automated segmentation technologies, along with their incorporation into public imaging data repositories, greatly enhances the interpretation process. [ 20 ] Volume rendering reveals internal macromolecular structures without segmentation, providing a non-invasive view inside the molecules.

  7. Radial distribution function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radial_distribution_function

    calculation of () Radial distribution function for the Lennard-Jones model fluid at =, =.. In statistical mechanics, the radial distribution function, (or pair correlation function) () in a system of particles (atoms, molecules, colloids, etc.), describes how density varies as a function of distance from a reference particle.

  8. Scherrer equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scherrer_Equation

    To see where the Scherrer equation comes from, it is useful to consider the simplest possible example: a set of N planes separated by the distance, a. The derivation for this simple, effectively one-dimensional case, is straightforward. First, the structure factor for this case is derived, and then an expression for the peak widths is determined.

  9. Powder diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_diffraction

    Powder diffraction data are usually presented as a diffractogram in which the diffracted intensity, I, is shown as a function either of the scattering angle 2θ or as a function of the scattering vector length q. The latter variable has the advantage that the diffractogram no longer depends on the value of the wavelength λ.