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Typhoon Cobra, also known as the Typhoon of 1944 or Halsey's Typhoon (named after Admiral William Halsey Jr.), was the United States Navy designation for a powerful tropical cyclone that struck the United States Pacific Fleet in December 1944, during World War II. The storm sank three destroyers, killed 790 sailors, damaged 9 other warships ...
Typhoon Cobra struck the United States Pacific Fleet and did severe damage to Task Force 38. Destroyers Hull, Monaghan and Spence all foundered in the storm. The typhoon was a significant plot element in Herman Wouk's novel "The Caine Mutiny". Douglas MacArthur was made a five-star general in the U.S. Army. [24]
The task force was struck by Typhoon Cobra the following day. The small but violent typhoon surprised the task force while many of the ships were attempting to refuel. Three destroyers capsized while nine other ships were seriously damaged. [21] Wisconsin was not damaged, but reported two injured sailors as a result of the typhoon. [20] [22]
The 1944 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1944, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean .
Fueling operations with the fast, carrier strike-force in the Philippine Sea began on 17 December 1944, but increasingly heavy seas forced cancellation later that day. The fueling group became engulfed next day in an approaching typhoon, designated Cobra, with barometers falling to very low levels and winds increasing above 90 knots.
After the Third Fleet was hit by Typhoon Cobra in December 1944, it ported in Ulithi. A court of inquiry was held aboard the destroyer tender USS Cascade on 26 December to determine if Halsey should be sanctioned for sailing into the typhoon. The court found "errors in judgment committed under stress of war operations and stemming from a ...
Typhoon Cobra claimed 790 lives in the 3rd Fleet, and sank Spence, Hull, and Monaghan. Six men survived the Monaghan sinking, reportedly rescued by Brown and/or Tabberer . After drifting on a raft for three days, the men reported that Monaghan took roll after roll to starboard, finally going over.
Henry Lee Plage (February 19, 1915 – September 24, 2003) was an American naval officer best known for his role in the recovery of sailors from Task Force 38 during Typhoon Cobra. Before World War II