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Penaeus monodon, commonly known as the giant tiger prawn, [1] [2] Asian tiger shrimp, [3] [4] black tiger shrimp, [5] [6] and other names, is a marine crustacean that is widely reared for food. Tiger prawns displayed in a supermarket
The shrimp species farmed include the jumbo tiger shrimp, Indian prawn, Penaeus merguiensis, whiteleg shrimp, Metapenaeus ensis, and the giant freshwater prawn. [4] [10] The jumbo tiger shrimp is a native species, and can be grown in fresh and salty water. [12]: 2 The main crabs farmed are the mudcrabs Scylla serrata and Scylla oceanica.
Marine shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimp or prawns [Note 1] for human consumption. Although traditional shrimp farming has been carried out in Asia for centuries, large-scale commercial shrimp farming began in the 1970s, and production grew steeply, particularly to match the market demands of the United States, Japan and Western Europe.
While the shrimp of other Penaeus species could be bred, this cost the same as breeding jumbo tiger shrimp and produced smaller adults. The farming of Indian prawns and Penaeus merguiensis continued to rely on wild-caught fry. Giant freshwater prawns have been sporadically cultivated since the relevant technology was introduced in the 1970s ...
English: Capture (blue) and aquaculture (green) production of Giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) in thousand tonnes from 1950 to 2022, as reported by the FAO [1]
Technological advances have led to growing shrimp at ever higher densities, and broodstock is shipped worldwide. Virtually all farmed shrimp are of the family Penaeidae, and just two species – Litopenaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) 70% and Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn) 20% – account for roughly 90% of all farmed shrimp.
About 75% of farmed shrimp is produced in Asia, in particular in China and Thailand. The other 25% is produced mainly in Latin America, where Brazil is the largest producer. Thailand is the largest exporter. Shrimp farming has changed from its traditional, small-scale form in Southeast Asia into a global industry.
Giant tiger prawn Asian tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon: Cultivated 855,055 Araucanian herring Clupea bentincki: Wild 848,466 Chinese razor clam Agemaki clam Sinonovacula constricta: Cultivated 720,466 Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis: Cultivated 714,392 Wuchang bream Megalobrama amblycephala: Cultivated 705,821 Pacific oyster Japanese ...