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Serpentines find use in industry for several purposes, such as railway ballasts, building materials, and the asbestiform types find use as thermal and electrical insulation (chrysotile asbestos). The asbestos content can be released into the air when serpentine is excavated and if it is used as a road surface, forming a long-term health hazard ...
The most common asbestiform mineral is chrysotile, commonly called "white asbestos", a magnesium phyllosilicate part of the serpentine group. Other asbestiform minerals include riebeckite, an amphibole whose fibrous form is known as crocidolite or "blue asbestos", and brown asbestos, a cummingtonite-grunerite solid solution series.
Three polytypes of chrysotile are known. [8] These are very difficult to distinguish in hand specimens, and polarized light microscopy [6] must normally be used. Some older publications refer to chrysotile as a group of minerals—the three polytypes listed below, and sometimes pecoraite as well—but the 2006 recommendations of the International Mineralogical Association prefer to treat it as ...
Diopside is a precursor of chrysotile (white asbestos) by hydrothermal alteration and magmatic differentiation; [6] it can react with hydrous solutions of magnesium and chlorine to yield chrysotile by heating at 600 °C for three days. [7]
Lizardite, chrysotile, and antigorite all have approximately the formula Mg 3 (Si 2 O 5)(OH) 4 or (Mg 2+, Fe 2+) 3 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4, but differ in minor components and in form. [10] Accessory minerals, present in small quantities, include awaruite, other native metal minerals, and sulfide minerals. [12] Ophiolite of the Gros Morne National Park ...
Serpentinization is a form of low-temperature (0 to ~600 °C) [5] metamorphism of ferromagnesian minerals in mafic and ultramafic rocks, such as dunite, harzburgite, or lherzolite. These are rocks low in silica and composed mostly of olivine ( (Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ ) 2 SiO 4 ), pyroxene ( XY(Si,Al) 2 O 6 ), and chromite (approximately FeCr 2 O 4 ).
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AIB is 16-35% asbestos, typically a blend of amosite and chrysotile, though crocidolite was also used in early boards. AIB is softer, more porous and less dense than asbestos cement . This, and the fact it typically contains a greater proportion of asbestos than the 10-15% of asbestos cement, [ 2 ] makes AIB far more friable and thus at greater ...