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The major benefit of drug-eluting stents (DES) when compared to bare-metal stents (BMS) is the prevention of in-stent restenosis (ISR). [70] Restenosis is a gradual re-narrowing of the stented segment that occurs most commonly between 3–12 months after stent placement. [119]
The vast majority of stents used in modern interventional cardiology are drug-eluting stents (DES). They are used in a medical procedure called percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Coronary stents are divided into two broad types: drug-eluting and bare metal stents. As of 2023, drug-eluting stents were used in more than 90% of all PCI ...
Restenosis rates of drug-eluting stents appear to be significantly lower than bare-metal stents, and research is underway to determine if drug-coated balloons also improve restenosis outcomes. Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis , a narrowing of a blood vessel , leading to restricted blood flow.
A bare-metal stent is a stent made of thin, uncoated (bare) metal wire that has been formed into a mesh-like tube. The first stents licensed for use in cardiac arteries were bare metal – often 316L stainless steel. More recent "second generation" bare-metal stents have been made of cobalt chromium alloy. [1]
Older bare-metal stents (BMS) provide a mechanical framework that holds the artery wall open, preventing stenosis, or narrowing, of coronary arteries. Newer drug-eluting stents (DES) are traditional stents with a polymer coating containing drugs that prevent cell proliferation. The antiproliferative drugs are released slowly over time to help ...
Coronary stents are placed during a coronary angioplasty.The most common use for coronary stents is in the coronary arteries, into which a bare-metal stent, a drug-eluting stent, a bioabsorbable stent, a dual-therapy stent (combination of both drug and bioengineered stent), or occasionally a covered stent is inserted.
Newer generations of drug-eluting stents have been found to reduce the risk of restenosis, myocardial infarction, and death when compared with bare-metal stents. [65] Advancements in stent design that include reducing strut thickness have shown further improvements for patients compared to previous generations. [65]
A dual therapy stent is a coronary artery stent that combines the technology of an antibody-coated stent and a drug-eluting stent. [1] Currently, second-generation drug-eluting stents require long-term use of dual-antiplatelet therapy , which increases the risk of major bleeding occurrences in patients. [ 2 ]
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