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The symmetry groups of the Platonic solids are a special class of three-dimensional point groups known as polyhedral groups. The high degree of symmetry of the Platonic solids can be interpreted in a number of ways. Most importantly, the vertices of each solid are all equivalent under the action of the symmetry group, as are the edges and faces.
Each convex regular 4-polytope is bounded by a set of 3-dimensional cells which are all Platonic solids of the same type and size. These are fitted together along their respective faces (face-to-face) in a regular fashion, forming the surface of the 4-polytope which is a closed, curved 3-dimensional space (analogous to the way the surface of ...
The convex regular 4-polytopes are the four-dimensional analogues of the Platonic solids. The most familiar 4-polytope is the tesseract or hypercube, the 4D analogue of the cube. The convex regular 4-polytopes can be ordered by size as a measure of 4-dimensional content (hypervolume) for the same radius.
They lie in just three symmetry groups, which are named after the Platonic solids: Tetrahedral; Octahedral (or cubic) Icosahedral (or dodecahedral) Any shapes with icosahedral or octahedral symmetry will also contain tetrahedral symmetry.
The tetrahedron is the only Platonic solid not mapped to itself by point inversion. The proper rotations, (order-3 rotation on a vertex and face, and order-2 on two edges) and reflection plane (through two faces and one edge) in the symmetry group of the regular tetrahedron
The polytopes of rank 2 (2-polytopes) are called polygons.Regular polygons are equilateral and cyclic.A p-gonal regular polygon is represented by Schläfli symbol {p}.. Many sources only consider convex polygons, but star polygons, like the pentagram, when considered, can also be regular.
In geometry, an icosahedron (/ ˌ ... The best known is the (convex, non-stellated) regular icosahedron—one of the Platonic solids—whose faces are 20 equilateral ...
The Platonic solids, seen here in an illustration from Johannes Kepler's Mysterium Cosmographicum (1596), are an early example of exceptional objects. The symmetries of three-dimensional space can be classified into two infinite families—the cyclic and dihedral symmetries of n-sided polygons—and five exceptional types of symmetry, namely the symmetry groups of the Platonic solids.