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For example, rounding x = 2.1784 dollars to whole cents (i.e., to a multiple of 0.01) entails computing 2.1784 / 0.01 = 217.84, then rounding that to 218, and finally computing 218 × 0.01 = 2.18. When rounding to a predetermined number of significant digits , the increment m depends on the magnitude of the number to be rounded (or of the ...
For example, to say that 14 × 15 was 201 would be unreasonable. Since 15 is a multiple of 5, the product should be as well. Likewise, 14 is a multiple of 2, so the product should be even. Furthermore, any number which is a multiple of both 5 and 2 is necessarily a multiple of 10, and in the decimal system would end with a 0. The correct answer ...
For example, if there is no representable number lying between the representable numbers 1.45a70c22 hex and 1.45a70c24 hex, the ULP is 2×16 −8, or 2 −31. For numbers with a base-2 exponent part of 0, i.e. numbers with an absolute value higher than or equal to 1 but lower than 2, an ULP is exactly 2 −23 or about 10 −7 in single ...
The main objective of interval arithmetic is to provide a simple way of calculating upper and lower bounds of a function's range in one or more variables. These endpoints are not necessarily the true supremum or infimum of a range since the precise calculation of those values can be difficult or impossible; the bounds only need to contain the function's range as a subset.
Shifting right by 1 bit will divide by two, always rounding down. However, in some languages, division of signed binary numbers round towards 0 (which, if the result is negative, means it rounds up). For example, Java is one such language: in Java, -3 / 2 evaluates to -1, whereas -3 >> 1 evaluates to -2.
There are two common rounding rules, round-by-chop and round-to-nearest. The IEEE standard uses round-to-nearest. Round-by-chop: The base-expansion of is truncated after the ()-th digit. This rounding rule is biased because it always moves the result toward zero. Round-to-nearest: () is set to the nearest floating-point number to . When there ...
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Prices are rounded down to the nearest multiple of 5 cents for sales ending in 1¢ & 2¢ (rounded to 0¢) and 6¢ & 7¢ (rounded to 5¢). Prices are rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5 cents for sales ending in 3¢ & 4¢ (round to 5¢) and 8¢ & 9¢ (round to 10¢). Values ending in 0¢ or 5¢ remain unchanged.