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Sphalerite has been found as a pseudomorph, taking the crystal structure of galena, tetrahedrite, barite and calcite. [13] [15] Sphalerite can have Spinel Law twins, where the twin axis is [111]. The chemical formula of sphalerite is (Zn,Fe)S; the iron content generally increases with increasing formation temperature and can reach up to 40%. [6]
Zinc produced from sphalerite is used for many purposes, including mixing with copper to produce brass, rust protection of iron & steel, and for making modern American pennies (although the cost of making each zinc penny is >1¢). The crystalline sphalerite specimen shown above is from the well-known Central Tennessee Zinc District (a.k.a ...
English: Sphalerite & barite from Tennessee, USA. (CMC RM 1140, Cincinnati Museum Center's rock & mineral collection, Cincinnati Museum of Natural History & Science, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA) Locality: Cumberland Mine, Smith County, Tennessee, USA
English: Black tetrahedral crystals of sphalerite up to 8 mm in size across this matrix (4.5 × 3.0 × 2.0 cm) with chalcopyrite and calcite. Found from Creede, Mineral County, Colorado, USA. Found from Creede, Mineral County, Colorado, USA.
The zinc in sphalerite is also used to produce brass. This sample was extracted in Creede, Colorado, and features black tetrahedral crystals of sphalerite up to 8 mm (0.31 in) in size, with minor chalcopyrite and calcite, in a 4.5 cm × 3.0 cm × 2.0 cm (1.77 in × 1.18 in × 0.79 in) matrix.
It is an important constituent of the Sudbury intrusion (1.85 Ga old meteorite impact crater in Ontario, Canada) where it occurs in masses associated with copper and nickel mineralisation. [9] It also occurs in pegmatites and in contact metamorphic zones. Pyrrhotite is often accompanied by pyrite, marcasite and magnetite.
Chemically, it is cadmium sulfide, and occurs as a bright yellow coating on sphalerite or siderite in vugs, deposited by meteoric water. [ 4 ] It was discovered in 1955 in the Hector-Calumet mine, Keno-Galena Hill area, Yukon Territory and named in honour of mineralogist James Edwin Hawley (1897–1965), a professor at Queen's University in ...
Main ore minerals in SEDEX deposits are fine-grained sphalerite and galena, chalcopyrite is significant in some deposits; silver-bearing sulfosalts are frequent minor constituents; pyrite is always present and can be a minor component or the dominant sulfide, as it is the case in massive sulfide bodies; barite content is common to absent ...