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Support-Vector Clustering [5] and other kernel methods [6] and unsupervised machine learning methods become widespread. [7] 2010s: Deep learning becomes feasible, which leads to machine learning becoming integral to many widely used software services and applications. Deep learning spurs huge advances in vision and text processing. 2020s
Cloud computing extended this boundary to cover all servers as well as the network infrastructure. [7] As computers became more diffused, scientists and technologists explored ways to make large-scale computing power available to more users through time-sharing. [6]
Cloud bursting is an application deployment model in which an application runs in a private cloud or data center and "bursts" to a public cloud when the demand for computing capacity increases. A primary advantage of cloud bursting and a hybrid cloud model is that an organization pays for extra compute resources only when they are needed. [ 68 ]
Timeline of computing presents events in the history of computing organized by year and grouped into six topic areas: predictions and concepts, first use and inventions, hardware systems and processors, operating systems, programming languages, and new application areas.
The solution is to align the machine's goal function with the goals of its owner and humanity in general. Thus, the problem of mitigating the risks and unintended consequences of AI became known as "the value alignment problem" or AI alignment. [269] At the same time, machine learning systems had begun to have disturbing unintended consequences.
Machine operators in Britain were mostly women into the early 1970s. [89] As these perceptions changed and computing became a high-status career, the field became more dominated by men. [90] [91] [92] Professor Janet Abbate, in her book Recoding Gender, writes: Yet women were a significant presence in the early decades of computing.
The development continued until 1957. It is still in use for scientific programming. Before being run, a FORTRAN program needs to be converted into a machine program by a compiler, itself a program. 1954: US The IBM 650 is introduced. A relatively inexpensive decimal machine with drum storage, it becomes the first computer produced over 2000 units.
After the 1920s, the expression computing machine referred to any machine that performed the work of a human computer, especially those in accordance with effective methods of the Church-Turing thesis. The thesis states that a mathematical method is effective if it could be set out as a list of instructions able to be followed by a human clerk ...