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The average pack size in North America is eight wolves and 5.5 in Europe. [44] The average pack across Eurasia consists of a family of eight wolves (two adults, juveniles, and yearlings), [ 37 ] or sometimes two or three such families, [ 41 ] with examples of exceptionally large packs consisting of up to 42 wolves being known. [ 94 ]
Northwestern wolves are one of the largest subspecies of wolves. In British Columbia, Canada, five adult females averaged 42.5 kg or 93.6 lbs with a range of 85 lbs to 100 lbs (38.6 - 45.4 kg) and ten adult males averaged 112.2 lbs or 51.7 kg with a range of 105 lbs to 135 lbs (47.6 - 61.2 kg), with a weight range for all adults of 38.6 kg to 61.2 kg (85 - 135 lbs). [9]
It is the largest of Old World grey wolves, averaging 39 kg (86 lb) in Europe; [6] however, exceptionally large individuals have weighed 69–79 kg (152–174 lb), though this varies according to region.
[63] in March 2024, the Fish and Wildlife Services discovered that the wild population of Mexican gray wolves in the American Southwest had increased to 257 wolves, with 144 wolves (36 packs) in New Mexico and 113 wolves (20 packs) in Arizona. The annual pup survival rate was 62%. 113 wolves (44% of the population) have collars for monitoring ...
By the mid-1900s, there were as many as 55 eastern wolf packs in the park, [57] with an average of 49 wolves being killed annually during 1909–1958, until they were given official protection by the Ontario government in 1959, by which time the eastern wolf population in and around the park had been reduced to 500–1,000 individuals.
The average body length ranges from 1.4 m (4.6 ft) to 1.96 m (6.4 ft) [18] [19] with a weight of the male averaging 100 lb (45 kg) and the heaviest recorded at 150 lb (68 kg). The Native Americans of North Dakota told of how only three of these wolves could bring down a buffalo, including a large old bull.
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Average pack size is 7 to 9 wolves, but can vary; like other wolves, the pack consists of a mated pair and their offspring. The pair is usually the only ones that breed. A wolf that has left its pack may travel up to 500 km (310.7 mi) to breed. The minimum breeding age is 1 year, and the average litter size is 4–6 pups. [12]